China, US join global leaders to lay out need for AI regulations

A "first-of-its-kind" agreement was reached on artificial intelligence (AI) safety at an international summit hosted by the United Kingdom on November 1, focusing on the risks associated with so-called frontier AI models, the large language models developed by companies such as OpenAI.

As reported by Politico, the two-day AI summit was visited by the US Commerce Secretary, Europe’s digital chief, China's minister for science and technology and leaders and industry experts from 29 countries, calling for unity in this matter.

"The United States and China joined global leaders to sign a 27-country agreement on the risk of AI that launched a two-day AI Safety Summit.

In a major diplomatic coup for the British hosts, US Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo took the stage on Wednesday morning alongside Wu Zhaohui, China's vice minister of science, at the summit at Bletchley Park — a former military installation north of London where British engineers used early forms of computers to break German codes during World War II.

The site — symbolic of what London believes is a similar global need to rein in the potential harms of artificial technology — forms the backdrop for efforts by politicians, tech executives and academics to find new ways to police a technology evolving faster than almost all governments can respond to it.

This week alone, the US government and G7 group of leading Western democracies published separate efforts to regulate artificial intelligence in the form of a White House executive order and voluntary code of conduct, respectively. The EU expects to complete its separate Artificial Intelligence Act by early December and the United Nations’ newly-created AI advisory board will provide its own recommendations by the end of 2023.

'We will compete as nationals. But even as we compete vigorously, we must search for global solutions for global problems', said Raimondo, who is traveling to the United Kingdom alongside US Vice President Kamala Harris.

'The work, of course, does not begin and end with just the US and the UK We want to expand information sharing, research, collaboration, and ultimately policy alignment across the globe'.

In a summit communiqué, published on Novemeber 1, 27 countries and the EU signed the so-called Bletchley Park Declaration on AI. The document focuses solely on so-called 'frontier AI,' or the latest version of the technology that has become popular via digital services like OpenAI’s ChatGPT.

The signing countries include both China and the US despite the world’s two largest economies battling over everything from technology to geopolitical power. The voluntary statement commits governments to work together toward trustworthy and responsible AI — catchwords for the safe use of the emerging technology.

'China is willing to engage on AI governance for the promotion of all mankind. That’s our objective,' Wu Zhaohui, China’s vice minister of science and technology, told the audience in Bletchley. The official sat on stage next to the US’s Raimondo despite the countries’ ongoing tension.

References to global AI regulation efforts undertaken by international organizations such as the United Nations and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, which were featured in an earlier draft, did not make it to the final communiqué. Questioned about that in a press briefing, UK Digital Minister Michelle Donelan said that the summit 'complements and doesn't cut across the existing processes' unfolding at the international level, and that officials from the U.N. and the OECD see the UK's initiative as 'as a missing piece of the [AI regulation] puzzle' as it specifically deals with advanced frontier AI.

The British government announced the next AI Safety Summit will be held in South Korea in May, 2024 and a third event is planned for France by the end of next year. The UK and the US also announced plans to work together on AI Safety Institutes, which are expected to exchange analyses.

Věra Jourová, the EU’s digital chief, welcomed the renewed efforts to rein in potential risks associated with the most advanced systems of artificial intelligence. The 27-country bloc has been working on its own AI legislation for the last three years. But the Czech politician acknowledged much had changed over that time period when it came to what AI systems could now do.

'We have a common obligation for doing this right,' Jourová told the British audience Wednesday in reference to global efforts to set guardrails for the emerging technology. 'The future will ask us if we did the right thing at the right moment'", the publication reported.