China advances air combat strategy with GJ-11 Loyal Wingman drones

China is making strides in airborne combat technology with its latest development, the GJ-11 Sharp Sword, a stealthy unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) designed to enhance its military capabilities.

China’s advanced stealth combat drones are expected to operate alongside fighter jets as "loyal wingmen," enhancing the effectiveness of the country's aerial operations, according to military experts. Recent satellite imagery from Planet Labs, as reported by defence site The War Zone, reveals increased activity of two GJ-11 Sharp Sword unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAVs) at Malan Air Base, a key testing site in western China, Caliber.Az reports, citing foreign media.

The rise in GJ-11 operations coincides with discussions on the future of the US initiative to develop next-generation fighter jets and air combat systems, leading to comparisons between the two nations' drone programs. The War Zone noted that the US currently lacks drones like the GJ-11 in active development, despite previous investments in similar technology, and that the absence of stealthy UCAVs has been particularly evident in the US Air Force's future plans. The GJ-11, produced by Hongdu Aviation Industry Group, is designed for precision strikes and aerial reconnaissance, boasting a stealthy tailless flying-wing design and internal weapons bays.

First tested in 2013, the GJ-11 was publicly showcased at a military parade in 2019, featuring an upgraded rear design. Georgios Salapasidis, head of platforms and on-board sensors at global military intelligence firm Janes, described the GJ-11 as a crucial advancement for China’s efforts to establish “expeditionary capabilities in contested regions” where advanced air defense systems are present. Salapasidis noted that the GJ-11 could serve multiple roles, including gathering intelligence on enemy forces, aiding in suppression by directing strikes from other platforms, or executing autonomous attacks.

Recent satellite images and Chinese media suggest that the GJ-11 will likely be used in conjunction with manned aircraft for both the air force and navy. For example, satellite images from June revealed two GJ-11 mock-ups at a test site near China’s new Type 076 amphibious assault ship, currently under construction in Shanghai.