Canadian intelligence flags India for interference, spying

Canada’s intelligence agency has identified several countries, including India and China, as being involved in alleged foreign interference and espionage activities, while also pointing to Khalistan-related extremism as a significant national security concern.

In its latest report, the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) named India, China, Pakistan, Russia and Iran among the primary actors accused of engaging in foreign interference against Canada, The Times of India reports. 

The report comes as Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney has sought to improve relations with India following a period of diplomatic strain. Ties between Ottawa and New Delhi had deteriorated after the 2023 killing of Khalistan separatist Hardeep Singh Nijjar, which Canadian officials previously alleged involved Indian agents—an accusation India has denied.

According to CSIS, the 2025 report presents a more measured assessment of India compared to the previous year, noting that “historically” India has cultivated covert relationships with Canadian politicians, journalists, and members of the Indo-Canadian community to advance its interests.

The agency said such activities could include “transnational repression,” involving surveillance and coercive measures aimed at suppressing criticism of the Indian government and creating fear within diaspora communities.

However, the latest report does not reference the Nijjar case or describe any recent escalation in India’s alleged activities, unlike the 2024 assessment.

The report also highlights concerns related to Canada-based Khalistani extremists (CBKEs), stating that some individuals are connected to Canadian citizens and use domestic institutions to promote extremist agendas and raise funds, which may then be diverted toward violent activities.

It further warned that some Sikh extremist elements use Canada as a base to “promote, fundraise or plan violence primarily in India.”

By Sabina Mammadli