Bulgaria buys 107 JAVELIN launch units, upgrading over Soviet RPGs

Bulgaria is set to enhance its military capabilities by acquiring American Javelin portable anti-tank systems, with a deal valued at approximately $114 million. This purchase includes 107 Javelin Lightweight Command Launch Units (LWCLU) and 218 Javelin FGM-148F missiles, along with various training and support equipment.

This marks Bulgaria's first foray into using Javelin systems, positioning it among other nations employing these advanced weapons, Caliber.Az reports via foreign media.

Training for Bulgarian military personnel will be crucial to effectively utilize the Javelins. Initial training will cover the technical aspects of the Command Launch Unit, including targeting and night vision functionalities. 

Soldiers will learn to operate the infrared targeting system and engage in tactical scenarios where the Javelin excels, particularly against armored vehicles and fortifications.

The second training phase will involve practical exercises, where soldiers will simulate combat situations using training missiles and target simulation systems, learning to maximize the Javelin’s range of up to 2,500 meters. The training will emphasize quick maneuvers for taking cover after firing, capitalizing on the Javelin's fire-and-forget capability.

The final phase will focus on maintenance and logistics, ensuring secure storage and transportation of the launchers and missiles, with specialized teams prepared for diagnostics and minor repairs.

The Javelin offers several advantages over older Soviet anti-tank weapons, such as the RPG-7. Its fire-and-forget capability allows operators to seek cover immediately after launching, unlike the Soviet systems that require continuous control. The Javelin’s dual cumulative warhead is designed to penetrate modern armor, and its infrared sensor enables targeting in low-visibility conditions.

Integrating the Javelin into Bulgaria's military operations will require developing new tactical concepts and potentially revising military doctrine to optimize its capabilities alongside existing Soviet systems. This strategic enhancement aims to bolster Bulgaria's national security and defense readiness.

The Javelin’s effectiveness has been demonstrated in recent conflicts, particularly in Ukraine, where it played a significant role in halting Russian advances. However, challenges arose when Russian forces utilized advanced defensive measures, highlighting the need for proper training to maximize the Javelin’s potential.