Step into past: Dutch Maastricht's secret tunnels and hidden history

The New York Times describes in a recent article that Maastricht, a Dutch city known for its charming cobblestone streets and historic architecture, is also home to a fascinating underground world that tells a rich and hidden history. 

Beneath the city lies a network of tunnels, caves, and fortifications that date back to Roman times, revealing secrets of the past and a legacy of defense, art, and wartime resilience.

The St. Pietersberg hill, which towers over the city, is home to the Fort Sint Pieter, built between 1701 and 1702 to protect Maastricht after the Siege of Maastricht by Louis XIV. Beneath the fort lies an extensive network of tunnels, once the largest subterranean complex in the world. These tunnels, many of which have been preserved, now offer guided tours that reveal centuries-old features, including artwork and historical artifacts.

“The tunnels and caves beneath Maastricht are not just a part of history; they’re a testament to the city’s survival through wars and invasions,” said Ed Houben, an experienced guide who has led underground tours in the city since 1995. Visitors can explore the Zonneberg Caves, where more than 600-foot-long tunnels lead to significant historical sites. The caves also served as storage during World War II, sheltering priceless works of art, including Rembrandt’s “The Night Watch.”

Another intriguing site is the Waldeck Casemates, a network of tunnels constructed in the 16th century and later used as air raid shelters during World War II. The system was equipped to protect up to 25,000 people, showcasing the region’s history of preparation and resilience.

Today, these underground wonders are open to the public, allowing visitors to step back in time and uncover the stories of Maastricht’s past, often hidden beneath the surface.

By Naila Huseynova